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South Africa is a carbon-intensive nation, with 89% of the country’s primary energy needs derived from fossil fuels. Given the increasingly intensive global focus on climate change, there is a growing realisation that South Africa is going to need to adopt a lower-carbon energy trajectory, if it hopes to avoid the financial and social penalties that now look inevitable, not only for the developed world, but also for advanced developing countries.
The country emits about 400-million tons of carbon dioxide (CO2) a year, which represents 1% of total emissions on the global scale. And, with the advent of new coal-fired electricity-generating stations and new coal- and gas-to-liquids fuel plants, South Africa’s emissions are likely to rise still further.
But, given South Africa’s abundance of coal and the limitations, and expense, associated with renewables as a bulk energy supplier, much emphasis is being given to clean coal technologies
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